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Mount Everest (8,848.86 m / 29,031.7 ft) in the Himalayas, on the border of Nepal and China. Measured from base to peak, however, Mauna Kea in Hawaii (~10 210 m) is technically taller — most of it lies under the Pacific.

The Nile (~6,650 km) in Africa is traditionally called the longest, though some studies argue the Amazon (~6,400-7,000 km) is longer depending on which tributary is measured from.

By strict scientific definition (a region with very low precipitation), Antarctica (~14 million km²) is the largest desert. Among hot deserts, the Sahara (~9.2 million km²) is the largest.

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. Pluto has been classified as a dwarf planet since 2006.

Damascus (Syria), Jericho (Palestine) and Varanasi (India) are frequently cited — all have archaeological evidence of continuous habitation for over 4,000 years.

193 sovereign states are UN members. Additionally, the Holy See (Vatican City) and the State of Palestine hold observer status.

General guidance: ~2.7 L (women) and ~3.7 L (men) of total fluids per day, including water in food & beverages, per U.S. National Academies. Your exact need depends on climate, activity, pregnancy and health conditions — thirst is a reliable everyday indicator.

60-100 beats per minute for most adults. Athletes may go as low as 40 bpm. Consistently over 100 (tachycardia) or under 60 with symptoms (bradycardia) should be checked with a doctor.

Adults 18-64: 7-9 hrs; adults 65+: 7-8 hrs; teens 14-17: 8-10 hrs; school-age children: 9-11 hrs (National Sleep Foundation). Consistency of sleep timing matters as much as duration.

1. Check safety, tap & shout. 2. Call emergency (India 108, US 911). 3. Chest compressions: centre of chest, depth ~5 cm, rate 100-120/min. 4. If trained, give 2 rescue breaths after every 30 compressions. 5. Continue until help arrives or an AED is available.

Take a child under 3 months with any fever ≥ 38 °C to a doctor immediately. For older children, seek help if fever persists > 3 days, is above 39.4 °C, or is accompanied by rash, stiff neck, breathing difficulty, seizure, dehydration or unusual drowsiness.

'Drop, Cover, and Hold On'. Drop to hands & knees, take cover under a sturdy desk/table (or against an interior wall) and hold on until the shaking stops. Stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture. Do not run outside — most injuries happen from falling debris at doorways.

Stay low (smoke rises). Check doors with the back of your hand — if hot, don't open. Use stairs, never a lift. Signal from a window if trapped. Meet at a pre-agreed spot. Call the fire brigade (India 101, US 911).

REACH-THROW-DON'T GO. Reach with a pole, throw a rope/flotation device — enter the water only as a last resort and only if you're a trained rescuer. Once out, check breathing, start CPR if unresponsive, call emergency.

Long (16+ characters) beats complex-short. Use a mix of upper/lower case, digits & symbols. Prefer passphrases — 4 random words joined together. Never reuse across sites; use a password manager (Bitwarden, 1Password, KeePass). Enable 2-factor authentication everywhere.

Red flags: urgent tone, generic greeting, mismatched sender domain, link URLs that don't match the visible text, request for credentials/OTP/personal data, poor grammar. Hover over links before clicking; verify by contacting the company through their official app or website.

A second layer beyond password — usually a time-based one-time code (TOTP) from an authenticator app (Google Authenticator, Authy) or a hardware key (YubiKey). SMS is the weakest 2FA option because of SIM-swap fraud; app-based or hardware is strongly recommended.

A VPN encrypts your internet traffic between your device and the VPN provider's server, hiding it from your ISP and the local network. It masks your IP address, letting you appear to be in another country. It does NOT make you anonymous — the VPN provider can see your traffic, and websites can still track you through cookies, fingerprints and accounts.

Interest earned on both the original principal *and* the accumulated interest from previous periods. Formula: A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt). It's why starting to invest early matters — a small amount compounded over decades often outgrows a much larger amount compounded for a shorter period.

EMI = [P × r × (1 + r)^n] / [(1 + r)^n - 1], where P is principal, r is monthly rate (annual/12/100) and n is total number of months. Most banks and consumer sites give an EMI calculator; the earlier the payment, the higher the interest component, and it flips toward principal as tenure progresses.

Generally 3-6 months of essential expenses in a liquid instrument (savings account, liquid mutual fund, short-term FD). Dual-income households can lean toward 3 months; single-earner households and freelancers toward 6-12 months. It's the buffer that lets long-term investments actually stay long-term.

1) Active recall — test yourself instead of re-reading. 2) Spaced repetition (Anki, Quizlet). 3) Interleaving — mix subjects/topics in one session. 4) Pomodoro (25 min focus + 5 min break). 5) Sleep before an exam beats an all-nighter every time.

Consume comprehensible input daily — books slightly above your level, English podcasts (BBC Learning English, VOA), TV shows with English subtitles (not dubbed). Write 100 words a day; speak out loud even to yourself. Grammar rules stick once you've seen them 30-40 times in context.

Use the home row (fingers rest on ASDF-JKL;). Practice on free sites (typingclub, monkeytype, keybr). Aim for 40 wpm first, then 60+. Accuracy first, speed follows. Don't look at the keys — the muscle memory forms only when your eyes stay on the screen.

A tourist visa is pre-approved before departure via the destination's embassy/consulate/e-visa portal. A visa-on-arrival is granted at the port of entry to citizens of eligible countries; you still may need approval numbers, hotel bookings and proof of return. Always check the *destination country's* official immigration site — third-party pages can be outdated.

Shift sleep schedule 2-3 days before departure by 1 hour per day toward the destination. On arrival, expose yourself to daylight in the morning and avoid it in the evening (if going east). Melatonin ~0.5 mg 30-60 min before local bedtime helps. Hydrate; skip alcohol on the flight.

The resin code 1 (PET — most bottles) and 2 (HDPE — milk jugs, shampoo) are widely recycled. Code 5 (PP) is sometimes recycled. Codes 3, 4, 6 and 7 (esp. multi-layer packaging) are rarely recycled — the best action is to avoid or reuse them.

1) Choose a bin (aerated bucket, tumbler, or pit). 2) Layer 'greens' (kitchen waste, ~30%) with 'browns' (dry leaves, shredded newspaper, ~70%). 3) Keep it moist like a wrung-out sponge. 4) Turn every 3-5 days. 5) After 4-8 weeks you get soil-like compost. Skip meat, dairy and oily food for backyard composting.

10,000 is a round number popularised by a 1965 Japanese pedometer campaign. Meta-analyses (Lancet Public Health, 2022) show most health benefits plateau around 7,000-8,000 for older adults and 10,000-12,000 for younger adults. The point is: move more than yesterday, consistently.

Test (5 days, red ball, 2 innings per side — the classical form), One Day International (50 overs per side, coloured kit, white ball), and T20 International (20 overs per side, the fastest format popular via IPL, BBL, PSL). ICC also sanctions World T20, World Cup (ODI) and World Test Championship.

5-10 minutes of light cardio (brisk walk, easy jog, jumping jacks) to raise heart rate, then dynamic stretches (leg swings, arm circles, hip openers) that mimic your workout. Save static stretching for *after* your session — pre-workout static stretching can temporarily reduce power output.

The 'KonMari flip' folds a shirt into a small rectangle in 2 seconds: lay flat, fold both sleeves & side thirds inward, then fold the bottom up to the collar in halves. Store shirts vertically in a drawer so you can see every one at a glance.

For most long-grain rice, use 1 : 1.5-2 rice to water. Rinse rice until water runs clear (removes surface starch). Bring to boil, lower heat, cover and simmer 12-15 min. Let it rest off-heat covered for 5-10 min, then fluff with a fork. Basmati often does well at 1:1.5 with a 20 min soak.